Rule of thumb · ElectricalNº 102 / 102

Delta needs a third of the capacitance

For the same kVAR, a delta-connected bank needs one third the capacitance of a star one — because reactive power scales with the square of the voltage each capacitor sees.

Why it works

Q = 2πfCV². In delta each capacitor sits across the full line voltage; in star it sits at line/√3, so its V² is three times smaller and it takes three times the capacitance to deliver the same correction. That is why delta is the default. The trade is voltage rating: every delta capacitor must withstand full line voltage. Quoting a kVAR figure without saying which connection it assumes is how the wrong part gets ordered.

Do it exactly

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Should a correction capacitor bank be delta or star?

For the same kVAR, a delta-connected bank needs one third the capacitance of a star one — because reactive power scales with the square of the voltage each capacitor sees. Q = 2πfCV².

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