DIY

Lay a concrete base

A shed base, a shim of a patio, a post footing. Get the volume right first and the rest of the job is arithmetic.

4 steps 5 min read 4 tools chained Home

Volume first, everything else follows

Concrete is sold and mixed by volume, so that is the number to nail. A 3 × 2 m base at 100 mm thick is the slab below — and geometry is worth opening if the shape is anything other than a rectangle.

Slab3 × 2 × 0.1 m
Volume0.6000000000000001 m³
Rule of thumbOrder about 10% more than the calculated volume. Sub-base is never perfectly level and running out mid-pour ruins the slab.

Turn volume into bags

A C20 mix is the usual choice for a domestic base. The tool converts volume into cement, sand and aggregate — and into whole bags, which is what you actually have to carry.

GradeC20
Cement192 kg
25 kg bags8
Rule of thumbC20 is fine for a shed base or path. Go to C25–C30 for anything carrying a vehicle.

Work out what it has to carry

If the slab is holding a structure, the loads end up in bolts. The torque tool converts a bolt size and grade into the tightening torque that actually gives the clamp force you want.

M10, grade 8.8dry threads
Target75% of yield
Rule of thumbTorque is a proxy for tension, and a poor one — lubrication changes the resulting clamp force by tens of percent for the same torque reading.

Check the curing weather

Concrete does not dry, it reacts — and that reaction is temperature dependent. Cold slows it dramatically and frost during the first day can wreck the surface, so check what the air is actually doing.

Ideal10–20 °C
Below 5 °Ccure stalls
Frost in 24 hdo not pour
Rule of thumbConcrete reaches roughly 70% of its strength in the first week and keeps gaining for years. Do not load it early.

One volume, four decisions

Geometry sets the volume, the mix tool turns it into bags, bolt torque holds the thing down and the weather decides whether today is the day. Change the slab size and the whole chain re-costs itself.

Reference only. Stories chain real tools — the numbers shown are worked examples, so check them against your own figures before relying on them.